"the notion that the syllogism is a petitio principii, a begging of the question, the use of a proposition to prove itself, was to be developed by George Campbell, Dugald Stewart, and John Stuart Mill. They were to hold that the conclusion of a syllogism is simply a restatement of its major premise, and that anyone who thought he was proving something by a syllogism was in fact proving a conclusion by using that conclusion as a witness to its own truth.
![File:Portrait of George Campbell.jpg](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Portrait_of_George_Campbell.jpg/485px-Portrait_of_George_Campbell.jpg)
"all animals feel, is only a compendious expression, for all horses feel, all dogs feel, all camels feel, all eagles feel, and so through the whole animal creation." Philosophy of Rhetoric, I, 170 in Howell (1971), 403.Reference
Howell, Eighteenth Century Logic. Princeton.
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